Immigration Court Backlog

As of 2026-02-01, 1,907,436 cases are pending before U.S. immigration courts. A total of 9,665,247 cases have been filed, with 7,757,811 completed.

1.9M
Total Pending Cases
7.8M
Cases Completed
2,162,444
In Absentia Orders

Cases Filed vs Completed Over Time

When filed cases exceed completed cases, the backlog grows. This chart shows the annual gap.

Year-by-Year Filing Trends (2010–2025)

YearFiledCompletedNet Change
201028,144293,778-265,634
201131,358311,691-280,333
201243,772290,352-246,580
201360,870280,651-219,781
201482,006301,380-219,374
201597,549288,276-190,727
2016117,380321,108-203,728
2017140,945321,105-180,160
2018167,248366,271-199,023
2019208,814487,594-278,780
2020148,010247,402-99,392
2021142,311298,400-156,089
2022286,589674,953-388,364
2023424,994965,176-540,182
2024508,2171,290,672-782,455
2025421,6191,298,639-877,020

Busiest Immigration Courts

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Key Context

  • 9,665,247 total cases have been filed since records began
  • 2,162,444 people received in absentia removal orders (didn't appear)
  • 1,409 judges across 88 courts handle the entire caseload
  • → Only 26.7% of those ordered deported had legal representation